Plasticized vinyl chloride copolymers



can w. Gsrlenltidley American Viscose N 7 O E Y PLAS 7 Put, re, mlto Coml'ltion, Wilmingtoru' ,DeL, a corporstionot Delaware No Drawing. Application July 12, 1945;

' Serial No. 604,720 v 9 Claims. (!..260-334) a z The present inventionconcerned with com-' this invention arepositions or matter comprising copolymers of s vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile and plasticizers therefor. 1 v t i Copolymersof vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile 5 having molecular weights of 10,000 to 25,000 andin which the proportion of the latter constituent' exceeds; %,,subh asthose ct'mtainingv from 10"to'55% ther eoi have a considerably, point. as compared to polyvinyl 10 I ehlo rldes but they aresubj'ect' to severe deteriov v, decomposition w en Thlsrets he 'oduction oi-discolored,brlttle, s

extruded products, particu-l 'mY- m with the plasticizer in liquid or "hi-1 :Ythe' "litterpstich ss fllarnents, tubes is ww d i qrm end n v ve my either v i Mime-h I "y have the I be rnolded into, pellets under-sub. v

hi hly fluid condition; r W heat ew h m e m y be A S whImP finHshs phemu i n and, mum mmedrmh in the conventional heated mt hiqlirifle h s yj t s ac ory -.hl'as.-

The plasticizers oi Thymol 0rclnolv v Methylene dl-ssii'cylic aeid 2-methy1 8fi-di-isopropyl phenol- Mixtures of alkylated phenols o p-Chlorophenol lhe composition may vbe formed i tion oftheplastieizer throughthe composition,

t aybe us yii'orth ultimate ld s or ex- 7 lnfthe fol-n1}, pelletsjor ground n bb d f fbe'mwat re tfl a m l s ten perstureiat whi h l ke preliminary working, 1

"11. e.,'. n iilling1or molding; performed; the higher :1 am. lsh r-the-item u fl a f :m. iollovrrin'g .exsmplesflthe inventionis -'illustrsted by; the melt-spinning 'oi. flla1 nents," though, itis to be understood .the composition ththej present invention it: Wndr't t' IQ m n me na e and "1; heno1s;are -,compatible with and: serveh fv h l h fl -my d ifl and at the time-'hsfvethe r ma -W tgwh 1mwu dm 1 1w 1 pro nowsle'r oi vinylfechloride aerylonitrlls-contsining, 'YI Gl'Kht -LOI;83101320,,and an incipient'soitens'temn ratureof. aboutc. was mixed with 1o.m 2o% or; these p asticizers in;-

. v in mm s able. The eopolymer in powdered iorm, I

d's general, for moldingor mumm scrylonitrile having an aversge moleculsr p mum y and lowers-the 'hsrdness I 3 .,;ut the strength genersllylremsins above 45 *ehsrwrpmanastor ent the unpla'sticizjed co'- -"7%i;ps rtsjby weight stamina! and the mixture v wasi prelin inarily molded at 0;. The result+ ingleoinpound had a Rockwell hardness 01 M45 and was extruded at-about C. through the 1 orifices (ch20 mlls. -dia .meter)= of; aspinneretto I produee'willsments having a'ltensile strength of 0.94 graxn;:per"d'enler snd-an .exten slbility of 18.5%

wf 9mm stretehed" assure 3 to efi'ect a 25% elongaflon, yielding a product having a strength of 1.18 grams per dealer and an extensibility oi 11.8%.

In comparison, an unplastioiaed sample oi powdered copolymer does mt become welded at htemperatureso! 130to 150 ittoa higher temperature causes rapid decomposition and themolded products obtained were too brittle allowingit.tobeheatedtoahiahlyfluidcondi-' The mixture wu then pulverized and exa temperature oi about 200 0. through to some without duce'dhadatensilestrengthoi 0.94 gram'per .denierandanextcnsibilityo17%.

sampler" a mntm at 1.5 parts isothymol and 92.5 parts of the copolymer of Example I was worked up by molding at 100 0., giving a product having a Rockwell hardness of lit-l9, The pre-mold mass was pulverized and extruded at 180 C. to produce filaments which, after 25% stretching, had a tensile strength of 1.63 and an extensibility of 8.5%.

Example IV A mixture of parts of 1,3-dihydroxy-4-chlorophenol and 95 parts of the copolymer of Example I- was pro-molded at 150 C. The pre-molded product had a Rockwell hardness of -85, was crushed, and was extruded at about 200 C. to form filaments which had a tensile strength of 0.79 gram per denier and an extensibility of 7.3%. By after-stretching the strength was readily raised to 0.9 gram per denier, the extensibility o beins then 8.3%.

1 g Example v A mixture of 5 parts oi-orcinol and-95 parts of the copolymer of Example I was preliminarily worked up at 140 C. Filaments were obtained by extrusion at 190 C. and they had a tensile strength of 1.12 grams per denier and 16.3% extensibility.

- Example VI A of 2.5 parts of isothymol and 97.5

parts of the copolymer of Example I was preliminarily worked up at a temperature of 155 C.

and was extruded at 185 C. to form filaments which were smooth and tough.

Example v11 Amlxtureoflopartsofthymolandmparts at a copolymer of vinyl with acrylonitrile containing about acrylonitrile was workedup by milling at 100 C. The fused product-was extruded at 155 C. to form filaments having greater oi a spinneret. The filaments protyinyl chloride and acrylonitrile having a content or 55% acrylonitrile was worked up by milling at 120' C. The product was crushed and extruded into filaments having excellent flexibility. 5 The filaments thus obtained find es advantageous usage in the production 01 stabilised woven, knitted, braided, or other fabrics and feltlike products. Thus the filaments, in continuous form or as staple fibers, with or without such non-thermoplastic fibers as cotton, rayon, wool, silk, linen and the like (or, if desired, with thermoplastic fibers having higher softening temperatures) may be converted intoyarns. and the yarns, alter beingwoven, knitted, braided or with or without pressure, to efiect bonding of the plasticized vinyl chlorideacrylonitrile fibers (because of being rendered adhesive by their thermoplasticity) to themselves and any adjacent fibers where they intermesh. Similarly paper-ilke and v .felt-like products may be made from staple fibers of the plasticized vinyl chloride-acrylonitrlle copolymers, cut to suitable lengths, and mixed or not with other fibers of non-thermoplastic properties (or, if desired, with thermoplastic fibers having higher softening temperatures). Alter forming mats of the fiber, by carding, blowing, and the like, the copolymer fibers may be ren dered adhesive by heat and the mats may be.

30 compacted to any desired density to obtain prod- .ucts of more or less stifi'ness or flexibility and softness. a

The copolymer filaments and fibers are highly resistant to most organic solvents and also to acid and alkaline solutions. They are free of attack by mildew and bacteria in general and have undlminished strength and flexibility in humid atmospheres or even when soaked in water over long periods of time. The fibers and filaments are therefore useful for making filter fabrics. dializer membranes, fishing line leaders, strings for tennis rackets, violins and other musical instruments, surgical sutures, as well as for making fabrics for industrial and textile uses generally. It is to be understood that changes and variations may be made therein without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Icl'aim:

I l. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising'a copolymer of vinyl chloridev with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight of 10,000 to-25,000 containing between 10 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and a compound selected from the group consisting of Thymol golsothymol Orcinol v Methylene di-salicylie acid 2-methyl-3,,5-di-isopropyl phenol Mixtures of alkylated phenols 85 p-Chlorophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol 1,3-dihydroxy-4 chlorobenzene in an amount of 2% to 20% of the combined weights of copolymer and said compound.

2. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight oi otherwise fabricated, can be subjected to heat,,

10,000 to 25,000 containing between 35 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and a compound selected from the group consisting of Thymol lsothymol Orcinol Methylene vii-salicylic acid 2-methyl-3,5-di-isopropyl phenol Mixtures of alkylated phenols p-Chlorophenol 2,4-dichlorophenol 1,3-dihydroxy-4-chlorobenzene in an amount of 2 to of the combined weight of copolymer and said compound.

3. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 25,000 containing between 35 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and isothymol in an amount of 2 to 20% of the combined weight of copolymer and isothymol.

4. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a, copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 25,000 containing between 35 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and orcinol in an amount of 2 to 20% of the combined weight of copolymer and orcinol.

5. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile. having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 25,000 containing between 35 and 55% 10,000 to 25,000 containing between and of acrylonitrfle; and isothymol in an amount of 2 to 10% of the combined weights of copolymer and phenol derivative.

'7. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 25,000 containing between 35 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and orcinol in an amount of 2 to 10% of the combined weights of copolymer and phenol derivative.

8, A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 25,000 containing between 35 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and thymol'in an amount of 2 to 10% of the combined weights of copolymer and phenol derivative.

9. A composition and molded and extruded products made therefrom including filaments and the like comprising a copolymer of vinyl chloride with acrylonitrile having a molecular weight of 10,000 to 25,000 containing between 10 and 55% of acrylonitrile; and isothymol in an amount of 2 to 10% of the combined weight thereof with the copolymer.

CECIL W. GAYLER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,057,690 Moss Oct. 20, 1936 2,306,880 Heym'an Dec. 29, 1942 2,344,489 Boyer et a1. Mar. 21, 1944 2,360,864 Fryling Oct. 24, 1944 2,420,330 Shriver et a1. May 13, 1947 

